85 Tornado Squadron - Grand Valley

CONDUCT AND DISCIPLINE: The approach to encouraging good conduct and discipline in the Air Cadet programme is designed to reach a win-win and give all people an opportunity to participate.

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The following pamphlet describes the approach to Conduct and Discipline at an Air Cadet Squadron.

- Conduct and Discipline. Page 1.

- Conduct and Discipline. Page 2.

The national orders governing the approach to discipline is in the Cadet Administrative and Training Orders (CATO) 15-22.

CATO 15-22 documents in PDF format:

CATO 15-22 - Conduct and Discipline - Cadets (main document) - modified 03-2012
     Annex A - Examples of Breaches of Conduct and Suggested Corrective Measures - modified 03-2012
     Annex B - Cadet Cautionary Notice - modified 03-2012
     Annex C - Cadet Written Warning - modified 03-2012
     Annex D - Sample Notification of Suspension Letter - modified 03-2012
     Annex E - Cadet Interview Sheet - modified 03-2012

POSITIVE SOCIAL RELATIONS FOR YOUTH: training prepares cadets to interact comfortably within the community, interact positively with others, exercise sound judgment, accept personal responsibility for actions and choices, deal with interpersonal conflict, and seek assistance from available resources when needed. Two pamphlets with important information for Cadets are:

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- Conduct and Discipline pamphlet - page 1.

- Conduct and Discipline pamphlet - page 2.

- Need Help? Page 1.

- Need Help? Page 2.

Cadet ranks are mainly based on the old Royal Canadian Air Force non-commissioned officer ranks. The ranks are worn as badges on the sleeves of the jacket or as shoulder slip-ons on the dress shirt or parka. A list of the Cadet ranks is shown below:

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Rank Title	Abbreviation	Uniform Badge	Minimum Requirements for Promotion (CATO 13-02)
Air Cadet	AC		This rank is the first rank received and is effective upon enrolment.
Leading Air Cadet	LAC		(1) participate in the first year of the proficiency level training program for a minimum period of five months, and (2) be recommended by the appropriate flight commander (sqn).
Corporal	Cpl		(1) hold the rank of LAC, (2) successfully complete year one of the proficiency level training program, (3) participated in the Cadet Fitness Assessment as part of PO X04 (Personal Fitness & Healthy Living), and (4) be recommended by the appropriate flight commander (sqn).
Flight Corporal	FCpl		(1) completed at least six months of service at the rank of Cpl, (2) have successfully completed the second year of the proficiency level training program, (3) participated in the Cadet Fitness Assessment as part of PO X04 (Personal Fitness & Healthy Living), and (4) be recommended by the appropriate flight commander (sqn).
Sergeant	Sgt		(1) completed at least six months service at the rank of FCpl, (2) have successfully completed the third year of the proficiency level training program, (3) achieved a minimum of “completed without difficulty” in PO 303 (Leadership), (4) participated in the Cadet Fitness Assessment as part of PO X04 (Personal Fitness & Healthy Living), and (5) be recommended by the appropriate flight commander (sqn).
Flight Sergeant	FSgt		(1) completed at least six months service at the rank of Sgt, (2) have successfully completed the fourth year of the applicable proficiency level training program, (3) achieved a minimum of “completed without difficulty” in PO 403 (Leadership), (4) participated in the Cadet Fitness Assessment as part of PO X04 (Personal Fitness & Healthy Living), and (5) be recommended by the appropriate flight commander (sqn).
Warrant Officer 2nd Class	WO2		(1) completed at least six months service at the substantive rank of FSgt, (2) achieved a minimum of “completed without difficulty” in PO 503 (Leadership), (3) participated in the Cadet Fitness Assessment as part of PO 504 (Personal Fitness & Healthy Living), (4) be recommended by the appropriate flight commander (sqn), and (5) be identified as a successful candidate through the merit review board process.
Warrant Officer 1st Class	WO1		(1) completed at least six months service at the substantive rank of WO2, (2) be recommended by the appropriate flight commander (sqn), and (3) be identified as a successful candidate through the merit review board process.

Do you want to get promoted? The National Standards define the rules by which Cadets are promoted.

National Standards are seen in CATO 13-02:

CATO 13-02 - Merit-Based Cadet Rank Promotions (main document - updated in November, 2013)
     Annex A - Cadet Rank Progression and the Leadership Team Model (updated in November 2013)
     Annex B - Merit Review Board (updated in November 2013)

It is important to NOTE: The Squadron Commanding Officer (CO) decides which Cadets will be promoted and when promotions will occur. The CO considers the Cadet's performance in addition to the rules in the CATO. In doing so, feedback is gathered from the Sqn staff in the decision making process.

UNIFORMS - DETAILS: All Cadets are loaned the Cadet uniform at NO charge. Cadets are expected to take care of these articles of clothing. As Cadets grow, the Squadron's Supply Staff will exchange items that are too small or that have become unservicable.

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The Cadet uniform is a source of great pride as it displays the individual's accomplishments during their time as a Cadet. There are many details and questions that frequently come up about the Cadet uniform. Am I to wear my sweater with the C2? Where do the badges go? Here are some resources to answer those questions and many more:

CADET DRESS REGULATIONS - can be seen in the nationally produced Cadet and Junior Canadian Rangers Dress Instructions - released in 2022 and updated as required. This includes details for all Canadian Cadets (Air, Army and Sea) as well as the Junior Canadian Rangers.

ORDERS OF DRESS - For a given activity, cadets will be instructed to wear a specific "order of dress". These numbered orders determine which pieces of uniform are to be worn.

NOTE: Within the Canadian Cadet Organizations, the normative standards / requirements of various religious and spiritual traditions should be respected at all times. All personnel are to be aware of the CJCR Dress instructions | Section 3 Religious and Spiritual Considerations on Dress - released in 2022 and updated as required.

The following table shows the most common Orders of Dress.

Click here to show/hide the MOST COMMON CADET UNIFORM ORDERS OF DRESS

Order of Dress	Title	Example	Components	Notes
C1	Ceremonial Intended for formal occasions and parades.		- Wedge - Dress Shirt - Tie - Jacket - Pants+Belt - Medal(s) - Boots	1. Medals and pins on jacket. 2. Cloth or embroidered wings - not metal wings. 3. Optional accoutrements/accessories at CO's discretion include: name tag, lanyard, white webbing and gloves.
C2	Mess This is an optional uniform for formal dinners.		- Dress Shirt - Tie - Jacket - Pants+Belt - Ribbon(s) - Boots	1. Optional to replace the uniform blue shirt and tie with a white shirt and black bow tie. 2. Name tag is not to be worn.
C3	Service Dress Typically worn during normal training activities where there is no exertion.		- Wedge - Dress Shirt - Tie - Jacket - Pants+Belt - Ribbon(s) - Boots	1. Jacket may be removed as required, uniformity among the group should be maintained. When jacket is removed, name tag, ribbons and metal wings are to be worn on shirt. 2. Rank slip–ons to be worn on dress shirt. 3. Cloth or embroidered wings are to be worn on jacket. 4. Optional accoutrements/accessories at CO's discretion include: name tag.
C3A	Service Dress Typically worn during normal training activities where there is no exertion.		- Wedge - Dress Shirt - Jacket - Pants+Belt - Ribbon(s) - Boots	1. Shirt collar is to be worn over the jacket collar. 2. Jacket may be removed as required, uniformity among the group should be maintained. When jacket is removed, name tag, ribbons and metal wings are to be worn on shirt. 3. Rank slip–ons to be worn on dress shirt. 4. Cloth or embroidered wings are to be worn on jacket. 5. Optional accoutrements/accessories at CO's discretion include: name tag.
C3B	Service Dress Typically worn in winter during normal training activities where there is no exertion.		- Wedge - Sweater - Jacket - Pants+Belt - Ribbon(s) - Boots	1. No name tag or other items to be worn on sweater. 2. Jacket may be removed as required, uniformity among the group should be maintained. 3. Cloth or embroidered wings are to be worn on jacket. 4. Optional accoutrements/accessories at CO's discretion include: name tag.
C3C	Service Dress Typically worn during normal training activities where there is no exertion.		- Wedge - Blue T-Shirt - Jacket - Pants+Belt - Ribbon(s) - Boots	1. Same notes as C3, except T-shirt is worn instead of dress shirt. 2. No name tag or other items to be worn on T-shirt. 3. Jacket may be removed as required, uniformity among the group should be maintained. 4. Cloth or embroidered wings are to be worn on jacket. 5. Optional accoutrements/accessories at CO's discretion include: name tag.

The following is a list of other Orders of Dress for specific Training activities.

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Order of Dress	Title	Example	Components	Notes
C5	Training Dress A functional order of dress, worn when participating in field training or activities where it is necessary to protect the dress uniform or personal clothing.		- Wedge, beret, toque or wide-brimmed tan hat - Blue t-shirt - Field shirt - Field pants and belt - Multi-Purpose Boots	1. Rank slip-ons to be worn. 2. Field shirt may be worn with sleeves extended or rolled above the elbows. 3. Lanyard and nametape are optional.
C5A	Training Dress A functional order of dress, worn when participating in field training or activities where it is necessary to protect the dress uniform or personal clothing.		- Wedge, beret, toque or wide-brimmed tan hat - Blue t-shirt - Field pants and belt - Multi-Purpose Boots	1. Same as C5 except less the Field shirt. 2. No name tag or tape.
C5B	Training Dress Worn as directed during flying This is to be worn during fitness and sports activities.		- Wedge, Issued ball cap, beret, wide-brimmed tan hat or toque - Flight suit - Blue T-Shirt - Rank slip-ons - Boots	1. Nametape only (worn on the front right side above the zippered pcoket). 2. Squadron badge (worn on the right shoulder). 3. Aircraft badge (worn on the left shoulder). 4. Cloth glider / power pilot badge (worn on the front left side above the zippered pocket). 5. Glider pilot instructor course badge (worn on front left side under the zippered pocket). 6. Worn IAW A-DH-265-000/AG-001 CFP 265 Canadian Armed Forces Dress Instructions.
C5C	Training Dress This is to be worn during fitness and sports activities.		- Ball cap or wide brimmed tan hat. - Blue T-Shirt - Shorts - Socks or white sport socks - Runners	1. Civilian or issued sports gear as directed by Sqn staff. 2. Headdress is optional for indoor sports activities.

NOTE: There are many options identified with each order of dress. In the interests of uniformity among the unit, be sure to confirm the details with Senior Cadets and Sqn Staff.

NOTE: The wearing of the name tag on jacket or shirt are at the discretion of the CO. Name tag is not to be worn on the Sweater, T-shirt or Parka.

NOTE: The normal headdress is listed with each orders of dress. In inclement weather, the issued touque may be warn. Be sure to bring the designated headdress with you, once indoors, Cadets should wear the .

NAME TAG - The name tag is worn above the pocket on the right side of the jacket and dress shirt. The placement changes if the Cadet has also earned the Cadet medal(s). Medals are worn on the jacket. The ribbon representing the medal can be worn on either the jacket or the dress shirt - depending on the order of dress. Here are a few diagrams to show name tag placement:

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QUALIFICATION PINS - There are many qualification pins available to be earned by Cadets.

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Biathlon Championship Series pins:

Title	Prerequisites	Placement	Uniform Pin
1. Bronze	Participate in the Zone Championship under the Canadian Cadet Movement Biathlon Championship Series.	The Zone Championship Pin awarded under the Canadian Cadet Movement Biathlon Championship Series shall be worn centred on the left breast pocket, equidistant between the lower seam and the lower edge of the jacket pocket flap. Only one Biathlon Championship Series Pin is permitted on the uniform indicating the highest level attained by the cadet. This pin is worn on the jacket only.
2. Silver	Participate in the Provincial Championship under the Canadian Cadet Movement Biathlon Championship Series.	The Provincial Championship Pin awarded under the Canadian Cadet Movement Biathlon Championship Series shall be worn centred on the left breast pocket, equidistant between the lower seam and the lower edge of the jacket pocket flap. Only one Biathlon Championship Series Pin is permitted on the uniform indicating the highest level attained by the cadet. This pin is worn on the jacket only.
3. Gold	Participate in the National Championship under the Canadian Cadet Movement Biathlon Championship Series.	The National Championship Pin awarded under the Canadian Cadet Movement Biathlon Championship Series shall be worn centred on the left breast pocket, equidistant between the lower seam and the lower edge of the jacket pocket flap. Only one Biathlon Championship Series Pin is permitted on the uniform indicating the highest level attained by the cadet. This pin is worn on the jacket only.
4. Bédard, Le Guellec and Keddie Awards	Awarded to the top male and female biathletes at the National Biathlon Championship. Top youths (17 and 18 years old) receives the Myriam Bédard Award, top seniors (15 and 16 years old) receives the Jean-Philippe Le Guellec Award and top juniors (12 to 14 years old) receives the Nikki Keddie Award.	The Bédard, Le Guellec and Keddie Pins awarded under the Canadian Cadet Movement Marksmanship Championship Series shall be worn centred on the left breast pocket, equidistant between the lower seam and the lower edge of the jacket pocket flap. Only one Marksmanship Championship Series Pin is permitted on the uniform indicating the highest level attained by the cadet. This pin is worn on the jacket only.

Duke of Edinburgh Award pins:

Title	Prerequisites	Placement	Uniform Pin
1. Bronze	Must meet the requirements as established by the Duke of Edinburgh Award program.	Shall be worn centred on the right breast pocket, equidistant between the lower seam and the lower edge of the jacket pocket flap. Only one Duke of Edinburgh pin is permitted on the uniform indicating the highest level attained by the cadet. This pin is worn on the jacket only.
2. Silver	Must meet the requirements as established by the Duke of Edinburgh Award program.	Shall be worn centred on the right breast pocket, equidistant between the lower seam and the lower edge of the jacket pocket flap. Only one Duke of Edinburgh pin is permitted on the uniform indicating the highest level attained by the cadet. This pin is worn on the jacket only.
3. Gold	Must meet the requirements as established by the Duke of Edinburgh Award program.	Shall be worn centred on the right breast pocket, equidistant between the lower seam and the lower edge of the jacket pocket flap. Only one Duke of Edinburgh pin is permitted on the uniform indicating the highest level attained by the cadet. This pin is worn on the jacket only.

Effective Speaking Competition pins:

Title	Prerequisites	Placement	Uniform Pin
1. Bronze	Only the winners for the Zone competition shall be authorized to wear the awarded pin.	The Zone Championship Pin awarded under the Air Cadet League of Canada effective Speaking Competition shall be worn centred on the left breast pocket, equidistant between the lower seam and the lower edge of the jacket pocket flap. Only one Effective Speaking Competition Pin is permitted on the uniform indicating the highest level attained by the cadet. This pin is worn on the jacket only.
2. Silver	Only the winners for the Provincial competition shall be authorized to wear the awarded pin.	The Provincial Championship Pin awarded under the Air Cadet League of Canada effective Speaking Competition shall be worn centred on the left breast pocket, equidistant between the lower seam and the lower edge of the jacket pocket flap. Only one Effective Speaking Competition Pin is permitted on the uniform indicating the highest level attained by the cadet. This pin is worn on the jacket only.
3. Gold	Only the winners for the National competition shall be authorized to wear the awarded pin.	The National Championship Pin awarded under the Air Cadet League of Canada effective Speaking Competition shall be worn centred on the left breast pocket, equidistant between the lower seam and the lower edge of the jacket pocket flap. Only one Effective Speaking Competition Pin is permitted on the uniform indicating the highest level attained by the cadet. This pin is worn on the jacket only.

Marksmanship Championship Series pins:

Title	Prerequisites	Placement	Uniform Pin
1. Bronze	Participate in the Zone Championship under the Canadian Cadet Movement Marksmanship Championship Series.	The Zone Championship Pin awarded under the Canadian Cadet Movement Marksmanship Championship Series shall be worn centred on the left breast pocket, equidistant between the lower seam and the lower edge of the jacket pocket flap. Only one Marksmanship Championship Series Pin is permitted on the uniform indicating the highest level attained by the cadet. This pin is worn on the jacket only.
2. Silver	Participate in the Provincial Championship under the Canadian Cadet Movement Marksmanship Championship Series.	The Provincial Championship Pin awarded under the Canadian Cadet Movement Marksmanship Championship Series shall be worn centred on the left breast pocket, equidistant between the lower seam and the lower edge of the jacket pocket flap. Only one Marksmanship Championship Series Pin is permitted on the uniform indicating the highest level attained by the cadet. This pin is worn on the jacket only.
3. Gold	Participate in the National Championship under the Canadian Cadet Movement Marksmanship Championship Series.	The National Championship Pin awarded under the Canadian Cadet Movement Marksmanship Championship Series shall be worn centred on the left breast pocket, equidistant between the lower seam and the lower edge of the jacket pocket flap. Only one Marksmanship Championship Series Pin is permitted on the uniform indicating the highest level attained by the cadet. This pin is worn on the jacket only.
4. Vamplew and Clément Tremblay Awards	Awarded to the Top Marksman at the National Marksmanship Championship. The top cadet in the open category receives the Vamplew Award and the top cadet in the junior category receives the Clément Tremblay Award.	The Vamplew and Clément Tremblay Pins awarded under the Canadian Cadet Movement Marksmanship Championship Series shall be worn centred on the left breast pocket, equidistant between the lower seam and the lower edge of the jacket pocket flap. Only one Marksmanship Championship Series Pin is permitted on the uniform indicating the highest level attained by the cadet. This pin is worn on the jacket only.

QUALIFICATION BADGES - There are many badges available to be earned by Cadets.

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First Aid badges:

Title	Prerequisites	Uniform Badge
1. Emergency First Aid	Successfully completed the St. John Ambulance Emergency First Aid course. Placement of the new badge has not yet been stated in the CATO.	New badge:
2. Standard First Aid	Successfully completed the St. John Ambulance Standard First Aid course. Placement of the new badge has not yet been stated in the CATO.	New badge:

Fitness badges:

Title	Prerequisites	Uniform Badge
1. Bronze	Earned the bronze level fitness qualification as identified in CATO 14-18.
2. Silver	Earned the silver level fitness qualification as identified in CATO 14-18.
3. Gold	Earned the gold level fitness qualification as identified in CATO 14-18.
4. Excellence	Earned the excellence level fitness qualification as identified in CATO 14-18.

Marksmanship Classification badges:

Title	Description	Prerequisites	Uniform Badge
1. Marksman	Cadet shall meet the standard on two different targets within a year. Groupings do not need to be fired during the same relay.	Each grouping must be within a circle of 3 cm in diameter.
2. First Class Marksman	Cadet shall meet the standard on two different targets within a year. Groupings do not need to be fired during the same relay.	Each grouping must be within a circle of 2.5 cm in diameter.
3. Expert Marksman	Cadet shall meet the standard on two different targets within a year. Groupings do not need to be fired during the same relay.	Each grouping must be within a circle of 2 cm in diameter.
4. Distinquished Marksman	Cadet shall meet the standard on two different targets within a year. Groupings do not need to be fired during the same relay.	Each grouping must be within a circle of 1.5 cm in diameter.

Music Qualification badges:

Title	Prerequisites	Placement	Uniform Badge
1. Music Instrument (Piper)	Meet the training requirements for Music Proficiency Level Basic (minimum). This badge can only be worn by pipers in a Pipe Band.	When worn with a Music Proficiency Level badge, the two badges are to be worn together, see comments for Music Proficiency Level badges. Up to the rank of FSgt, centred on the left sleeve of the jacket, the bottom of the badge immediately above the top of the cuff. For WO2 and WO1, centred mid-way between the elbow and the upper shoulder seam.
2. Music Instrument (Drummer)	Meet the training requirements for Music Proficiency Level Basic (minimum). This badge can only be worn by drummers in a Pipe Band.	When worn with a Music Proficiency Level badge, the two badges are to be worn together, see comments for Music Proficiency Level badges. Up to the rank of FSgt, centred on the left sleeve of the jacket, the bottom of the badge immediately above the top of the cuff. For WO2 and WO1, centred mid-way between the elbow and the upper shoulder seam.
3. Music Instrument (Musician)	Meet the training requirements for Music Proficiency Level Basic (minimum). This badge can only be worn by members of a band other than a Pipe Band.	When worn with a Music Proficiency Level badge, the two badges are to be worn together, see comments for Music Proficiency Level badges. Up to the rank of FSgt, centred on the left sleeve of the jacket, the bottom of the badge immediately above the top of the cuff. For WO2 and WO1, centred mid-way between the elbow and the upper shoulder seam.
4. Music Instrument (Bugler)	Meet the training requirements for a level of Music Proficiency and be qualified as a Bugler. This badge can only be worn by members of Brass Bands and Brass & Reed Bands.	When worn with a Music Proficiency Level badge, the two badges are to be worn together, see comments for Music Proficiency Level badges. Up to the rank of FSgt, centred on the left sleeve of the jacket, the bottom of the badge immediately above the top of the cuff. For WO2 and WO1, centred mid-way between the elbow and the upper shoulder seam. The cadet may choose to wear either the Bugler or the Musician badge. Only one Music Instrument badge is worn.
5. Music Proficiency Levels 1-5	Successfully meet the training requirements for each of the Music proficiency levels.	Centred immediately below the Music Instrument badge. When worn with a Music Appointment badge, centred below it, the bottom of the Music Proficiency Level badge in line with the bottom of the Music Appointment badge. NOTE:A new series of music badges are available. The CATO has not yet been updated to identify the location for the new music qualification badges. The new badges are shown here, but be sure to clarify with Sqn staff before putting them on the uniform. When the CATO is updated, this page will be updated as well.	New badges:
6. Pipe Major	Be appointed as the Pipe Major of a Pipe Band.	Same as Music Instrument Badges (above).
7. Drum Major	Be appointed as the Drum Major of a band other than a Pipe Band.	Same as Music Instrument Badges (above).

Pilot badges:

Title	Description	Prerequisites	Uniform Badge
1. Glider Pilot Wings	Glider Pilot wings - cloth may be worn on jacket as described in CATO 55-04. Metal wings may be worn on the short-sleeve shirt only as described in CATO 55-04.	Must be a qualified Glider Pilot. This badge is issued to qualified Glider Pilots by the Cadet Air Operations Staff at the Regional Gliding School, typically at the conclusion of the Glider Pilot Scholarship summer training course.
2. Power Pilot Wings	Power Pilot wings - cloth may be worn on jacket as described in CATO 55-04. Metal wings may be worn on the short-sleeve shirt only as described in CATO 55-04.	Must be a qualified Power Pilot. This badge is issued to qualified Power Pilots by the Cadet Air Operations Staff, typically at the conclusion of the Power Pilot Scholarship summer training course.
3. Glider Pilot Front Seat	Glider Pilot is qualified to take passengers in the back seat on familiarization flights (while piloting from the front seat).	Must be a qualified Glider Pilot and meet the requirements as detailed in the Air Cadet Gliding Program Manual, A-CR-CCP-242/PT-005. This badge is issued to qualified Glider Pilots by the Cadet Air Operations Staff at the gliding sites or RGS.
4. Glider Pilot Back Seat	Glider Pilot is qualified to take passengers in the front seat on familiarization flights (while piloting from the back seat).	Must be a qualified Glider Pilot and meet the requirements as detailed in the Air Cadet Gliding Program Manual, A-CR-CCP-242/PT-005. This badge is issued to qualified Glider Pilots by the Cadet Air Operations Staff at the gliding sites or RGS.

NOTE: For more badges that can be earned, see the Training - Local and the Training - Summer pages.

BADGE PLACEMENT - A common question is "Where do the badges go on the jacket?". Here are a few excerpts from CATO 55-04 Annex D:

Click here to show/hide the INFORMATION ON PLACEMENT OF BADGES

Shoulder Flash identifies your Squadron number and name. There is one on each sleeve, two centimetres below the shoulder seam.

Rank badges are worn on each sleeve. For the ranks of LAC to FSgt, they are to be half way between the shoulder seam and the elbow.

Summer Course Qualification and First Aid badges shall be worn on the right sleeve. The Summer Training badges are in the order that they are awarded. The first badge is centred immediately above the cuff of the uniform jacket. The second badge awarded is placed immediately to the right of the first badge, to the front of the sleeve. The third is placed immediately to the left of the first badge, to the rear of the sleeve. The fourth, fifth and sixth badges are placed immediately above badges one, two and three forming a second row of badges and they are placed in the same order as the first row. If a seventh badge is awarded, it shall be placed immediately over the fourth badge. A maximum of seven Summer Courses Qualification Badges may be worn.

Other Qualification and Training Proficiency Level badges shall be worn on the left sleeve. Only the most recent qualification badges are to be worn. If there are no qualification badges, the Training Proficiency Level badges or Music badges are moved down to immediately above the cuff.

NOTE: The badge placement for Cadets of rank Warrant Officer 2nd Class and Warrant Officer 1st Class are different. Those Cadets should review the Cadet Dress Regulations posted above for the badge placement details.

HAIR - The uniform haircut is NOT a buzz-cut. Here are examples of proper hairstyles:

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For men:

For women:

POPPY - During the Remembrance period from the end of October through November 11, Cadets are required to wear a poppy on their uniform:

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The poppy is worn on the left side of the chest. It is worn when Cadets are wearing their uniform dress shirt, jacket or parka. It is not worn on the sweater or t-shirt. Exact placement is as follows:

AIR CADET LEAGUE 75TH ANNIVERSARY PIN - the period for wearing the pin ended on 31 Dec 2016.

WAR OF 1812 COMMEMORATIVE PIN - the period for wearing the pin ended on 16 Feb 2015.

UNIFORMS - HOW TO: There can be some complicated details in the preparation of the Cadet uniform. The following is some information on the proper care of the uniform.

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HOW TO IRON THE JACKET - The jacket is to be ironed to keep it free of creases. Here is some more information on how to prepare your jacket:

Click here to show/hide DIRECTIONS TO IRON YOUR JACKET

The uniform must be clean and properly pressed. The uniform parts are machine washable and should be cleaned each week. Start with a clean and dry jacket having emptied the pockets and removed nametag and pins. The ironing board and iron must also be clean. Ensure there is water in the iron and have the iron set to just enough heat to generate steam. If the iron is too hot or left in the same place, it WILL burn the jacket.

This video was found online - many are available to show examples of how to iron your uniform. The jacket is shown starting at 3:57.

HOW TO IRON THE SHIRT - The dress shirt is to be ironed to set a crease on the outside edge of the sleeves and to remove any wrinkles in the rest of the shirt. Here is some more information on how to prepare your shirt:

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The uniform must be clean and properly pressed. The uniform shirt is machine washable and should be cleaned each week after wearing. Start with a clean and dry shirt. The ironing board and iron must also be clean. Ensure there is water in the iron and have the iron set to just enough heat to generate steam. If the iron is too hot or left in the same place, it WILL burn the shirt.

This video was found online - many are available to show examples of how to iron your uniform.

HOW TO IRON THE PANTS - The pants are to be ironed to establish a crease on the front and back of each pantleg. Here is some more information on how to prepare your pants:

Click here to show/hide DIRECTIONS TO IRON YOUR PANTS

The uniform must be clean and properly pressed. The uniform parts are machine washable and should be cleaned each week. Start with a clean and dry pair of pants. The ironing board and iron must also be clean. Ensure there is water in the iron and have the iron set to just enough heat to generate steam. If the iron is too hot or left in the same place, it WILL burn the pants.

This video was found online - many are available to show examples of how to iron your uniform. The pants are shown first.

HOW TO TIE A TIE - The uniform tie is to be tied with a "Windsor" style knot. Here is a diagram of how to tie the Windsor knot:

Click here to show/hide DIRECTIONS TO TIE A WINDSOR KNOT

This video was found online - many are available to show examples of how to tie a windsor knot.

HOW SHINE YOUR BOOTS - The issued boots are leather and can be shone to a mirror finish. Here is some information on how to shine your boots:

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Some basics for proper care of your boots include storing them in a dry place and keeping them clean. Dust will create scratches. Do NOT use spit, fire, solvents or other chemicals on your boots. A soft and clean cloth, black shoe polish and some clean water is all you need. Build up a layer of polish and then it is the polish that will shine.

This video was found online - many are available to show examples of how to shine boots.

HOW TO LACE YOUR BOOTS - The issued boots are laced using the "straight across method". Here is a diagram of how to lace the boots:

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Once laced, the boot can be tied at the top with any style of knot. The laces should be tucked in to ensure they cannot be seen.

This video was found online - many are available to show examples of the straight across method.

BAND: This is a challenging and rewarding opportunity for Cadets to learn a musical instrument. Cadets in Squadrons that do not have a band are eligible to apply for a music summer training course.

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The Chapter 14 - Band Drill is an add-on to the Canadian Forces Drill Manual (A-PD-201-000) the explains drill for military and pipe bands. Please note: This file is 5.2 MB - it may take a while to download.

Military Band Resources:

The CCP 166 - modified 10-2004, is the Cadet Music Theory Program (A-CR-CCP-166/PT-004) document for the Cadet program.
The The Air Cadet March Book - modified 9-200, is an extensive resource (1275 pages), originally written in 1997. It contains military band theory and many music scores. Please note: This file is 86 MB - it WILL take time to download, be sure your device has adequate space available before downloading.
The Air Cadet Ceremonial Card - modified 2-2013, contains the score for common ceremonial music.
The Cadet Complete Score - modified 6-2006, is the score for the Cadet - Dedicated to the Canadian Cadets.
The God Save The Queen - modified 6-2006, is the full score for God Save The Queen.
The The Maple Leaf Forever - modified 6-2006, is the score for The Maple Leaf Forever.
The Heart of Oak - modified 6-2006, is the score for the official march of the Royal Canadian Navy.

Pipe Band Resources:

The Bagpipe Level 1 - modified 11-2012, is the first level of the bagpipe reference manual (A-CR-CCP-912/PW-001).
The Bagpipe Level 2 - modified 11-2012, is the second level of the bagpipe reference manual.
The Bagpipe Level 3 - modified 11-2012, is the third level of the bagpipe reference manual.
The Bagpipe Level 4 - modified 11-2012, is the fourth level of the bagpipe reference manual.
The Bagpipe Level 5 - modified 10-2013, is the fifth level of the bagpipe reference manual.

The Bass Tenor Level 1 - modified 11-2012, is the first level of the bass drum and tenor drum reference manual (A-CR-CCP-914/PW-001).
The Bass Tenor Level 2 - modified 11-2012, is the second level of the bass drum and tenor drum reference manual.
The Bass Tenor Level 3 - modified 11-2012, is the third level of the bass drum and tenor drum reference manual.
The Bass Tenor Level 4 - modified 11-2012, is the fourth level of the bass drum and tenor drum reference manual.

The Snare Level 1 - modified 11-2012, is the first level of the snare drum reference manual (A-CR-CCP-913/PW-001).
The Snare Level 2 - modified 11-2012, is the second level of the snare drum reference manual.
The Snare Level 3 - modified 11-2012, is the third level of the snare drum reference manual.
The Snare Level 4 - modified 11-2012, is the fourth level of the snare drum reference manual.

BIATHLON: An exciting winter sport, biathlon combines the activities of cross-country skiing and small bore marksmanship.

Click here to show/hide INFORMATION ON BIATHLON

Cadets can participate in a biathlon competition series in their local, Provincially and top teams from across Canada compete at the Nationals.

To ensure a year-round approach to the fitness training required for the event, Cadets also practice using a summer biathlon, which involves long distance running and air rifle marksmanship.

Here are some biathlon resources:

The Biathlon Run Training Plan outlines the process of preparing for a competition.
An effort to improve fitness level, the 28 Day Fitness Challenge provides a day by day log of activity.
Planking is a great way to improve core strength. The Core Program describes how to properly do the prone and lateral planks.
Plyometrics is an approach to fitness to improve speed and strength. The Plyometrics Workout lists 12 quick exercises.
Check out Biathlon Canada website for more great resources.

DUKE OF EDINBURGH'S AWARD: This is an excellent programme for interested Cadets.

Click here to show/hide INFORMATION ON THE DUKE OF EDINBURGH PROGRAM

The Programme Brochure shows an overview of the programme.

A Summary sheet (updated in 2015) shows some more detail.

CATO 1319 provides information to Cadet units on how to participate in the Duke of Edinburgh’s Award Young Canadians Challenge.

CATO 1319 Annex A has detail on the program requirements.

Additional information is available on the Duke of Edinburgh's Award website.

FLYING SCHOLARSHIP: Cadets wanting to work towards a pilot licence will work hard to achieve this incredible accomplishment.

Click here to show/hide INFORMATION ON THE FLYING SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM

Cadets interested in working towards a Glider or Power Pilot Licence will study at the Flying Scholarship Ground School at their Squadron from September through January. Early in January, Cadets write the qualifying exam along with Cadets from neighbouring Squadrons. In fact, all Air Cadets in Canada write the exam on the same day! Cadets who earn 60% or greater on the exam will go on to the next phase in the selection process - the interview. Interviews are held in February and are conducted by experienced pilot training members of the Cadet Instructors Cadre (members of the Canadian Forces) as well as representatives from the Air Cadet League of Canada. The Regional Cadet Support Unit will evaluate the results as well as the application material submitted and selections will be announced in May. Cadets selected as recipients of the scholarship will go to Summer Training Centres to complete their ground school and the flight time necessary to earn either a Transport Canada Glider or Power Pilot licence. Each year over 300 Glider and over 200 Power Pilot licences are earned across Canada. AND it is important to note that Cadets are PAID to attend these courses! While the training at the Squadron is conducted from September to January, Cadets are encouraged to continue studying year round. The Flying Scholarship Program Instruction Package (PIP) (updated in 2017) contains a wealth of information to help. Download all of those files (over 200MB) onto a computer and start with Welcome.ppsx

The From the Ground Up manual and the accompanying workbook, are great resources for pilots in training.

ORIENTEERING: An essential part of survival skills taught to Cadets is navigation using map and compass. This is called orienteering.

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How to use a Compass - easy compass navigation with the Silva 1-2-3 system

This video was found online - many are available to show examples of how to navigate with a map and compass.

How to Read the Map

This video was found online - many are available to show examples of how to navigate with a map and compass.

What is an orienteering map?

This video was found online - many are available to show examples of how to navigate with a map and compass.

How to use the Compass

This video was found online - many are available to show examples of how to navigate with a map and compass.

How to start your Course

This video was found online - many are available to show examples of how to navigate with a map and compass.

Orienteering for beginners

This video was found online - many are available to show examples of how to navigate with a map and compass.

Aiming Off

This video was found online - many are available to show examples of how to navigate with a map and compass.

Attach Points

This video was found online - many are available to show examples of how to navigate with a map and compass.

Catching Feature – 1

This video was found online - many are available to show examples of how to navigate with a map and compass.

Collecting Features

This video was found online - many are available to show examples of how to navigate with a map and compass.

Handrails

This video was found online - many are available to show examples of how to navigate with a map and compass.

Xperience orienteering

This video was found online - many are available to show examples of how to navigate with a map and compass.

TRAINING ORGANIZATION: The content taught within the Local and Summer training programs are designed and at the national level. These are detailed as follows:

Qualification Standard and Plan (QSP) - These documents are the primary authority governing the development, implementation, conduct and evaluation of the training and standards to qualify as a Cadet in the Levels of the training program:

The full QSP documents are available from the Squadron Training Officer. The versions posted below are redacted to remove any specifics on the actual evaluations.

- Proficiency Level 1 - Qualification Standard and Plan - A-CR-CCP-801/PG-001

- Proficiency Level 2 - Qualification Standard and Plan - A-CR-CCP-802/PG-001

- Proficiency Level 3 - Qualification Standard and Plan - A-CR-CCP-803/PG-001 (this is the redacted version, with the tests removed. The original full document is available from the Sqn TrgO)

- Proficiency Level 4 - Qualification Standard and Plan - A-CR-CCP-804/PG-001 (this is the redacted version, with the tests removed. The original full document is available from the Sqn TrgO)

- Proficiency Level 5 - Qualification Standard and Plan - A-CR-CCP-805/PG-001

- Proficiency Level 5 - Logbook - A-CR-CCP-805/PW-001

Instructional Guides (IG) - These documents are to be used by Royal Canadian Air Cadet Squadrons in conjunction with other resources to conduct the Proficiency Level Program. The IGs provides instructors with the base means from which to deliver training. Before reading any of the IGs, here are some definitions to help you to understand lesson assignments:

- Performance Objective (PO) - the subject or course of study.
- Enabling Objective (EO) - the individual lesson in a PO.
- Mandatory (M) - this specific lesson (EO) is required and will be taught.
- Complimentary (C) - this specific lesson (EO) is optional and may be taught.

For example, an instructor could be assigned M309.04. Here is that code broken down:

The full IG documents are available from the Squadron Training Officer. The IG documents have been broken down to display below, each PO separately. Select a Level below and click on the PO # to view the Instructional Guide.

Click here to show/hide the LEVEL 1 INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE

PO #	Subject
100	Introduction to Level 1
X01	Participate in Citizenship Activities (see QSP for more details)
X02	Perform Community Service (see QSP for more details)
103	Participate as a Member of a Team
X04	Track Participation in Physical Activities (see QSP for more details)
X05	Participate in Physical Activities (see QSP for more details)
106	Fire the Cadet Air Rifle
107	Serve in an Air Cadet Squadron
108	Perform Drill Movements During an Annual Ceremonial Review
111	Participate in Recreational Summer Biathlon Activities
X20	Participate in Canadian Forces (CF) Familiarization Activities (see QSP for more details)
121	Participate in Canadian Aviation, Aerospace and Aerodrome Operations Community Familiarization Activities
129	Communicate Using the Phonetic Alphabet and Numbers
130	Participate in Aviation Activities
140	Participate in Aerospace Activities
160	Participate in Aerodrome Operations Activities
170	Discuss Aircraft Maintenance and Manufacturing
190	Participate in an Aircrew Survival Exercise

Click here to show/hide the LEVEL 2 INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE

PO #	Subject
200	Introduction
X01	Participate in Citizenship Activities (see QSP for more details)
X02	Perform Community Service (see QSP for more details)
203	Demonstrate Leadership Attributes Within a Peer Setting
X04	Track Participation in Physical Activities (see QSP for more details)
X05	Participate in Physical Activities (see QSP for more details)
206	Fire the Cadet Air Rifle During Recreational Marksmanship
207	Serve in an Air Cadet Squadron
208	Execute Drill as a Member of a Squad
211	Participate in Competitive Summer Biathlon Activities
X20	Particiate in Canadian Forces (CAF) Familiarization (see QSP for more details)
230	Discuss Canadian Aviation History
231	Explain Principles of Flight
232	Identify Characteristics of Piston Powered Aircraft
240	Participate in Aerospace Activities
260	Participate in Aerodrome Operations Activities
270	Discuss Aircraft Manufacturing and Maintenance
290	Participate in a Field Exercise

Click here to show/hide the LEVEL 3 INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE

PO #	Subject
300	Introduction
X01	Participate in Citizenship Activities (see QSP for more details)
X02	Perform Community Service (see QSP for more details)
303	Perform the Role of a Team Leader
X04	Track Participation in Physical Activities (see QSP for more details)
X05	Participate in Physical Activities (see QSP for more details)
306	Fire the Cadet Air Rifle During Recreational Marksmanship
307	Serve in an Air Cadet Squadron
308	Direct a Flight Prior to a Parade
309	Instruct a Lesson
311	Participate in a Recreational Summer Biathlon Activity
X20	Particiate in Canadian Forces (CAF) Familiarization Activities (see QSP for more details)
331	Describe Principles of Flight
336	Identify Meteorological Conditions
337	Demonstrate Air Navigation Skills
340	Identify Aspects of Space Exploration
360	Recognize Aspects of Aerodrome Operations
370	Recognize Aspects of Aircraft Manufacturing and Maintenance
390	Navigate a Route Using a Map and Compass

Click here to show/hide the LEVEL 4 INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE

PO #	Subject
400 Intro	Introduction
400 PSRY	Positive Social Relations for Youth
X01	Citizenship (see QSP for more details)
X02	Community Service (see QSP for more details)
403	Act as a Team Leader
X04	Personal Fitness and Healthy Living (see QSP for more details)
X05	Physical Activities (see QSP for more details)
406	Fire the Cadet Air Rifle During Recreational Marksmanship
407	Serve in an Air Cadet Squadron
408	Command a Flight on Parade
409	Instruct a Lesson
X20	Particiate in Canadian Forces (CAF) Familiarization Activities (see QSP for more details)
429	Communicate Using Radio Procedures for Aviation Transmission
431	Explain Principles of Flight
432	Describe Aiero Engine Systems
436	Explain Aspects of Meteorology
437	Explain Aspects of Air Navigation
440	Discuss Aerospace Structures
460	Describe Aerodrome Operations Career Opportunities
470	Discuss Aspects of Aircraft Manufacturing and Maintenance
490	Participate in an Aircrew Survival Exercise

Click here to show/hide the LEVEL 5 INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE

PO #	Subject
500	Introduction
501	Citizenship
502	Community Service
503	Leadership
504	Participate in Cadet Fitness Assessment
507	Serve in an Air Cadet Squadron
509	Monitor Instruction
530	Aviation - Fly a Cross-Country Flight Using a Flight Simulator
540	Aerospace Technology
560	Aviation in Canada
570	Aircraft Manufacturing and Maintenance for Aerobatic Aircraft
590	Aircrew Survival

Lesson Plan template is an excerpt from the Level 3 Instructional Techniques PO. It is a good resource for developing a new lesson plan. It includes a checklist to make sure you haven't forgotten anything.

Monitoring Form is a document that was designed based on the evaluation of instruction in Levels 3 and 4.

DRILL RESOURCES: Modelled after Canadian Forces Drill, a senior Cadet should be familiar with the appropriate references material for drill movements:

The Canadian Armed Forces Manual of Drill and Ceremonial - A-PD-201-000/PT-000 (June 15, 2014 version), also known as the PD-201, is THE SOURCE for all things drill. Please note: This file is 25 MB - it will take time to download.

Rifle Drill is done using the Lee Enfield rifle. The CATO 54-04 provides direction for Air Cadets on how to do rifle drill. Another resource is the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets Manual of Drill and Ceremonial - A-CR-CCP-053/PT-001 (January 5, 2001 version) which includes additional information and many illustrations.

Aide-Memoire Card - Preparing a Flight for Parade is a quick reference for Cadets taking on a Flight Commander or Flight 2IC position on parade.

MARKSMANSHIP TRAINING RESOURCES: The marksmanship fundamentals are a great skill for Cadets to learn. The Senior Cadets should be aware of the following resources:

The CCM Air Rifle Training Aide Memoire is an excellent summary of all things marksmanship.

A very thorough document, the CCM Marksmanship Reference Manual is the difinitive document for marksmanship training.

PHYSICAL TRAINING RESOURCES: There is a great deal of sports and physical training in the Cadet program. Some resources for a Senior Cadet to help Junior Cadets in their progress are:

Physical Activity Tracker is a form to track moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity time over a four weeks period.

Personal Activity Plan template is the annual form completed by Cadets in the planning of a healthy level of fitness.

ADMINISTRATIVE RESOURCES: While there are many administrative resources available, a good start for Senior Cadets are:

Communicating in writing is a fundamental skill. The memo sample shows two examples of the memorandum format.